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Over the past decade, India has transformed its diplomatic posture, emerging as a nation that engages with intent, assists with compassion, and leads with purpose. The diplomatic wins of 2024, while remarkable, are the result of years of steady efforts to reshape how the world views India.

From bold moves like the 2016 surgical strikes and the 2019 Balakot airstrikes to extending a helping hand during the pandemic with Vaccine Maitri, India has shown it can lead with resolve and empathy. Initiatives like the inclusion of the African Union in the G20, the International Solar Alliance, and the Global Biofuel Alliance highlight its commitment to a fairer, sustainable future for all.

Under PM Modi’s leadership, India’s first-time visits to countries like Kuwait, Poland, Egypt, and Papua New Guinea revived long-dormant ties, reinforcing the message that India values relationships big and small. When crises arose, India didn’t just stand by. It acted. Operations like Ganga and Ajay ensured Indians were safely brought home from conflict zones, while aid to earthquake-hit Turkey and war-stricken Ukraine showed India’s solidarity with the world. Today India demonstrates that it is ready to engage, assist, and inspire in the global stage.

The year 2024 was a remarkable one for India’s diplomacy, solidifying its position as a global leader. This document highlights some of the key moments that shaped this journey

From hosting high-profile international leaders to playing a crucial role in global peace efforts, India’s diplomatic engagements have showcased its growing influence on the world stage. Here are some of the key diplomatic milestones and initiatives undertaken by India in 2024.

 

From Bastille Day to Republic Day

India’s ability to engage major world leaders on equal footing is evident from the invitation extended to the French President as the chief guest at India’s 75th Republic Day celebrations. This builds on the previous invitation by France to India, with PM Modi attending Bastille Day in July 2023. These exchanges reflect the deep trust and growing friendship between India and France.

Qatar Released 8 Indian Navy Veterans

India’s strong advocacy for its nationals marks a shift from its historically passive stance. A significant diplomatic win came when, due to the personal intervention of PM Modi, Qatar released eight former Indian navy personnel facing death sentences. This followed direct communication between PM Modi and Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani, leading to a Qatari court commuting the death sentences to prison terms ranging from three to 25 years. Modi government’s swift action ensured safety, halted death sentences, and reunites Navy veterans with home^[1].

The release of the veterans came just a day ahead of Prime Minister Modi’s February 13-14 visit to the UAE to inaugurate the country’s first Hindu temple, BAPS Mandir, in Abu Dhabi and meet the top leadership.

Halting of Ravi Water to Pakistan

Historically, India’s approach to the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) has been characterized by a relatively passive stance. Despite having rights over significant water resources, India largely adhered to the treaty’s provisions without fully utilizing its entitlements, allowing substantial amounts of water from the Ravi River to flow into Pakistan unutilized.

Today,India marked the completion of the Shahpur Kandi Barrage on the Ravi River, stopping the excess water flow to Pakistan, and signifying a strategic shift in water management.

It marks India’s assertive diplomacy, driven by national security concerns linked to terrorism. It highlights India’s strategic use of water as a diplomatic tool while asserting its rights under the Indus Water Treaty. This move would benefit the region of Jammu and Kashmir for agricultural purposes with potential to irrigate 4000 acre. Notably, the dam construction was completed after about three decades of laying foundation.^[2]

India-China Agreement on Line of Actual Control (LAC)

Under PM Modi, after 2014 has been more robust military posture along the LAC and increased infrastructure development in border areas to strengthen India’s presence.  The Galwan Valley clash in June 2020 marked a significant escalation in hostilities prompting India to ramp up troop deployments and infrastructure projects along the border. This year marked the ending  four-year-long military standoff, India and China reached a significant agreement to disengage and resume patrolling in the Depsang Plains and Demchok areas along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), restoring the status quo as it was before the tensions in May 2020.^[3]

This agreement marked a crucial step towards de-escalation and de-induction of troops in the India-China border areas, particularly in the strategically important Depsang Plains.

 

India: Peacemaker in Ukraine war

India’s stance that ‘this is not the time for war’ at the UN has resonated deeply with the world. India finds itself in a position to play peacemaker in the years-long Russia-Ukraine war.

President Putin expressed that India could be one of the mediators on the Ukraine war.^[4] Poland’s Prime Minister Donald Tusk expressed his belief that India could play a crucial role in resolving the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine.^[5] Italian PM Meloni also expressed that India can play a role in finding a solutionto the Ukraine conflict.^[6]

In mid-2024, Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Russia was marked by direct discussions with President Vladimir Putin about the need for peace talks. Shortly after, he visited Ukraine, where he expressed India’s readiness to play an active role in restoring peace.

India is a unique nation as it is increasingly being seen as a ‘Vishwabandhu’ striking a chord nations from either side of the divide.  Former UN Security Council chief Kishore Mahbubani remarked on how few leaders could navigate such complex dynamics effectively, emphasizing India’s rising status as a major geopolitical actor .

 

India and Global South

 

India hosted the third Voice of Global South Summit. This Summit was the first plurilateral Summit hosted by the PM since the formation of the new Government on 9 June 2024.^[7]

PM Modi’s visits to Guyana and Nigeria in 2024 reflect India’s strategic efforts to enhance its diplomatic presence in both the Caribbean and Africa.

G7 meeting in Italy

PM Modi was invited to the G7 even before winning the 2019 general elections, and it was the first global forum he attended after his victory. This marked a significant moment, as the world recognized Modi as one of the few global leaders securing a third term, signalling India’s political stability and PM Modi’s popularity. India participated in the 50th G7 Summit in Apulia, Italy, as an Outreach Country, marking PM Modi’s first overseas trip in his third term

End of Free Movement Regime with Myanmar

India decided to scrap the Free Movement Regime (FMR) between India and Myanmar to ensure the internal security of the country and to maintain the demographic structure of India’s North Eastern States bordering Myanmar.^[8]

 

Rescue/Humanitarian Operations

Operation Indravati: India launched Operation Indravati to evacuate its nationals from Haiti to the Dominican Republic.^[9]

 

Operation Sadbhav: India launched Operation Sadbhav to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) to Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam

On December 10, 2024, India successfully evacuated 75 nationals from Syria.

 

The Chorus For India Middle East Corridor Grows Stronger

In February 2024, India and the UAE signed the first formal agreement on the development of the IMEC corridor. During PM Modi’s visit to Greece in the same month, Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis emphasized that while the turmoil in Gaza and the Middle East is destabilizing, it should not undermine the strong logic behind IMEC. He further stated, “Nor should it weaken our resolve to work towards realizing it.”

India’s Takeover Of Chabahar Port Is A Big Deal

The development of Chabahar Port is viewed as a strategic counter to China’s influence in the region, particularly concerning Pakistan’s Gwadar Port. On May 13, 2024, India Ports Global Limited (IPGL) signed a long-term contract with Iran’s Ports and Maritime Organization (PMO) for the development and operation of the Shahid Beheshti Terminal at Chabahar Port.

This is India’s first full-scale management of an overseas port, boosting trade with Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia while bypassing Pakistan.

India signed a 10-year agreement with Iran for the enabling and development of the Shahid Beheshti Port Terminal at Chabahar Port.^[10]

The Reset Of India-Maldives Relations

The relations between India & Maldives began to sour after Mohamed Muizzu won the presidency in November 2023 on a platform that included an “India Out” campaign. In reaction to PM’s visit to Lakshwadeep, Maldivian politicians, including Zahid Rameez from the Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM), made derogatory comments on social media. But India’s assertive and an emphatic diplomacy turned the tables.  The turning point came during President Muizzu’s state visit to India from October 6-10, 2024 which aimed to reset strained relations. President Muizzu assured India that the Maldives would not engage in activities that undermine India’s security.

QUAD

The Prime Minister of India attended the Quad Leaders’ Summit in Wilmington (US). It reflects India’s growing role as a key player and its strategic positioning against challenges posed by China’s influence in the Indo-Pacific region

During the QUAD summit in the USA, India signed first-of-its-kind agreements focused on Clean Economy, Fair Economy, and the IPEF Overarching arrangement under the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for prosperity.^[11]

The leaders discussed enhancing semiconductor supply chains through a new Semiconductor Supply Chains Contingency Network Memorandum of Cooperation

 

Year of Historic Visits of PM Modi

Guyana in 56 Years (November, 2024)^[12]

Visit to Guyana will be the first by an Indian Prime Minister since 1968.

Nigeria in 17 Years (November, 2024)^[13]

Ukraine in 32 Years (August, 2024)^[14]

It was the first visit by an Indian Prime Minister to Ukraine after establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1992.

Poland in 45 Years (August, 2024)^[15]

Austria in 41 Years (July, 2024)^[16]

PM Modi became first ever Indian pm to visit BruneiDarussalam (September, 2024)^[17]. The visit coincided with 40th anniversary of establishment of diplomatic ties between India and Brunei.

 

Awards to PM in 2024

During his visit to Bhutan, the Prime Minister of India was conferred the ‘Order of the DrukGyalpo’, the highest civilian honor in Bhutan.^[18]

Russia conferred Prime Minister Modi with their highest civilian honour – the Order of St. Andrew the Apostle in 2019. The PM received the award during his visit to Moscow in July 2024.

Dominica honoured PM Modi with the ‘Dominica Award of Honour.’ It was presented to PM Modi by President Sylvanie Burton of Dominica during the Prime Minister’s visit to Guyana in November 2024.

Nigeria honoured PM Modi with ‘The Grand Commander of The Order of the Niger’ during his visit in November 2024. It was presented to him by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu of Nigeria.

Guyana honoured PM Modi with the ‘The Order of Excellence’ during the Prime Minister’s visit in November 2024. It was presented to him by President Dr.Irfaan Ali.

M Mia Amor Mottley of Barbados announced her government’s decision to honour PM Modi with the Honorary Order of Freedom of Barbados Award during the Prime Minister’s visit to Guyana in November 2024.

A Win Of India’s Cultural Diplomacy

Opening of a Hindu temple in Dubai, exemplifies successful cultural diplomacy efforts that foster goodwill and strengthen ties with nations in the Middle East.

On November 15, 2024, the United States returned over 1,400 looted artifacts valued at approximately $10 million to India.

[1]https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=767535151893889

[2]https://swarajyamag.com/news-brief/india-halts-flow-of-ravi-river-to-pakistan-say-reports-heres-what-we-know-so-far

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/india-completely-stops-ravi-river-water-flow-to-pakistan-historical-context-and-significance/articleshow/107980936.cms?from=mdr

https://theprint.in/india/governance/shahpurkandi-dam-complete-after-3-decades-will-help-check-unutilised-ravi-water-flowing-to-pakistan/1978380/

https://www.facebook.com/drjitendras/videos/729295256042388/

[3]https://ddnews.gov.in/en/india-china-begin-disengagement-in-demchok-depaang-in-eastern-ladakh

[4]https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/putin-india-could-be-mediator-on-ukraine/articleshow/113108442.cms

[5]https://www.business-standard.com/external-affairs-defence-security/news/india-can-play-constructive-role-in-resolving-russia-ukraine-war-poland-pm-124082200891_1.html

[6]https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-can-play-a-role-in-finding-solution-to-ukraine-conflict-italian-pm-meloni/article68617587.ece

[7]https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/38186/Chairs+Summary+3rd+Voice+of+Global+South+Summit+August+17+2024

[8]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2003884

[9]https://x.com/DrSJaishankar/status/1775918561820868756

[10]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2037450

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-iran-sign-long-term-bilateral-contract-on-chabahar-port-operation/article68171624.ece

https://www.mea.gov.in/rajya-sabha.htm?dtl/38631/QUESTION+NO+44+CHABAHAR+PORT+PROJECT

[11]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2057489

[12]https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/38509/Visit_of_Prime_Minister_to_the_Federal_Republic_of_Nigeria_Federative_Republic_of_Brazil_and_Cooperative_Republic_of_Guyana_November_1621_2024

[13]https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/38509/Visit_of_Prime_Minister_to_the_Federal_Republic_of_Nigeria_Federative_Republic_of_Brazil_and_Cooperative_Republic_of_Guyana_November_1621_2024

[14]https://www.mea.gov.in/media-briefings.htm?dtl/38181/Transcript_of_Special_Briefing_by_Secretary_West_on_Prime_Ministers_visit_to_Poland_and_Ukraine_August_19_2024

[15]https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/38179/Prime+Ministers+visit+to+Poland+and+Ukraine

[16]https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/37951/Joint+Statement+on+Enhanced+IndiaAustria+Partnership

[17]https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/38243/Visit+of+Prime+Minister+to+Brunei+Darussalam+and+Singapore+September+0305+2024

[18]https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/37736/Prime_Minister_conferred_with_the_Order_of_the_Druk_Gyalpo

https://www.narendramodi.in/highest-civilian-honours-bestowed-on-pm-modi-558974

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has always been on a mission to eliminate colonial-era laws and modernize India’s legal framework since his tenure as Gujarat Chief Minister, where he reformed outdated land revenue laws like the 7/12 system through initiatives such as the e-Dhara system for computerized land records.

Since 2014, Modi government has scrapped more than 1500 archaic laws easing people’s lives.

The year 2024 witnessed passage of bills that replaced century old laws such as New Bharatiya Criminal Laws, VayuyanVidhyak Bill replacing the Aircraft Act of 1934, the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill replacing century-old Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925.

In 2024, significant legislative reforms were introduced or enacted to modernize India’s legal framework and align it with global standards.These reforms aim to catalyze various sectors, including shipbuilding, banking, railways, aviation, and more.

After 77 years, Justice is now completely ‘Swadeshi’ – New Bharatiya Criminal Laws

● The BharatiyaSakshya (Second) Bill, 2023 ; The Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita, 2023 and The BharatiyaNagarik Suraksha (Second) Sanhita, 2023 was passed in Dec 2023 but took effect this year from June 1, 2024 .
● The new laws are presented as a move to indigenize India’s legal system, which has been largely based on colonial statutes for over a century.
● The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita replaces the Indian Penal Code, which included outdated provisions such as the sedition law. This law was historically used to suppress dissent during British rule
● The BharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam replaces the Indian Evidence Act and modernizes evidence handling, including provisions for electronic evidence
● The BharatiyaNagarik Suraksha Sanhita replaces the Code of Criminal Procedure and introduces changes in police custody durations and procedures for handling suspects
● The purpose of new laws is to give justice not punishment to the people
● Important Features:
o Adoption of Zero FIR: Filing FIR at any police station, regardless of jurisdiction e-FIR: Filing of FIRs without having to visit a police station
o Terrorism is defined – To Include acts that ‘disturb public order’ or ‘destabilise the country’
o A Reformist Approach to Minor Offences – Introduction of ‘Community Service’ for minor offences like theft or defamation, benefiting the community
o Mob lynching can lead to life imprisonment / death penalty
o Deceptive Marriages can lead to 10 years of imprisonment
o Gangrape of a Minor – Death penalty / Life imprisonment
o Buying or selling a child for prostitution – 7-14 years imprisonment
o Abandoning a child, punishable by up to 7 years imprisonment

WAQF (Amendment) Bill, 2024
On August 8, 2024, two bills, the Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2024, and the MussalmanWakf (Repeal) Bill, 2024, were introduced in the Lok Sabha with an aim to streamline the Waqf Board’s work and ensure the efficient management of Waqf properties.
● Important features:
o A centralized portal for Waqf properties will be established, requiring proper documentation for claims.
o The bill proposes the inclusion of non-Muslims in the Central Waqf Council and State Waqf Boards
o The amendment introduces audits and the removal of mutawallis (trustees) who fail to maintain proper records or have encroached on Waqf land
o It prohibits the conversion of government properties into Waqf

Zero Tolerance Towards Malpractices in Public Exams

After transformative reforms in education with NEP 2020, India is now set to enhance overall educational standards and promote a meritocratic system with the Public Examinations Bill 2024. This bill aims to restore trust in public exams & combat the pervasive issue of paper leaks and cheating in public examinations across India.

Important features:

● Offenders can face imprisonment ranging from three to ten years, with fines up to ₹1 crore for organized crimes involving examination authorities or service providers

● The bill is possibly the first of its kind in the history of India’s Parliament, is dedicated to the youth of India. It ensures greater transparency, fairness, and credibility in public examinations, assuring youth that their genuine efforts will be fairly rewarded and their future secured.

The BharatiyaVayuyanVidheyak, 2024

India’s aviation sector has witnessed remarkable growth, with operational airports doubling from 74 in 2014 to 157 in 2024, and plans to reach 350-400 by 2047[1].The remarkable success of UDAN is reflected in the doubling of domestic air passengers over the past decade, driven by the significant fleet expansion of Indian airlines.[2] In 2024, India became third largest domestic airline market.[3]

India aims to become leading Aviation Hub with $4 billion MRO industry by 2030.[4] The bill is a step towards achieving the goal for AtmaNirbhar Bharat in Aviation sector.

● The bill seeks to replace the Aircraft Act of 1934. It is a vital step towards modernizing the regulatory framework and advancing sustained growth of India’s aviation sector.[5]
● The bill for the first time introduces the concept of ‘State of Design’, empowering India to approve and certify its aircraft designs which was earlier done by foreign nations encouraging Aatmanirbhar Bharat in manufacturing, and promoting Ease of Doing Business in the aviation sector.
Aims to establish India as a prominent Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) hub within the aviation industry.

The Bills Related to Shipping & Maritime sector

India stands as one of the few nations globally with the capability to design and construct nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers. Alongside this technical expertise, the country also possesses a highly skilled workforce essential for the industry. Ranking third in the world as a seafarer-supplying nation, India holds a 10-12% share. In contrast, leading shipbuilding nations like China, Japan, and South Korea are grappling with aging populations. Given that shipbuilding is physically demanding, this shift presents a unique opportunity for India’s young workforce to step in and lead the way.

In a bid to catalyse the shipowning& shipbuilding sector, comprehensive legislative reforms are being introduced:

1. The Coastal Shipping Bill, 2024
● Simplified Licensing: One of the most notable changes is the removal of the requirement for a general trading license for Indian-flagged vessels engaged in coastal trade.
● Creation of a National Database for coastal shipping
● Emphasizes the importance of national security by ensuring that coastal trade is primarily conducted by Indian-flagged vessels owned and operated by Indian citizens
● Seeks to create significant employment opportunities in the maritime sector
2. The Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2024
● The Act replaced the nearly century-old Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925.[6]
● Carriers will now be held to a higher standard, improving the protection of cargo owners and shippers from potential losses
● The Bill aligns India’s legal framework with contemporary global practices and international conventions governing sea transport.
● The Bill empowers the government to issue directives for compliance with international standards, enhancing India’s competitiveness in the global maritime sector and fostering trust in its shipping operations.
● Bill boosts efficiency, legal clarity, and safety in sea transport, driving the nation’s trade ambitions forward.
3. The Bills of Lading Bill, 2024
● It seeks to repeal and reenact the Indian Bills of Lading Act, 1856 to facilitate simplification and ease of understanding.[7]
● The Act states that a bill of lading is conclusive evidence of goods on board.The Bill adds that the central government may issue directions for carrying out the provisions of the Bill.

The Union Cabinet approved the Merchant Shipping Bill 2024. The Bill aims to reduce compliance burden, boost tonnage, enhance seafarer welfare, maritime safety, prevent marine pollution, implement India’s international obligations, promote transparency and ease of business.[8]

India is on the brink of a transportation revolution, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi envisioning seamless connectivity as the key to driving economic growth. 2024 marks a pivotal year for public transport reforms, aimed at boosting the economy and creating jobs.
The Railway (Amendment) Bill 2024

Indian Railways has achieved 97% electrification of its broad gauge network, advancing rapidly toward full electrification by 2024-25.[9]The iconic New Pamban Bridge, India’s first vertical lift sea bridge, was completed, replacing the 105-year-old structure.[10]With 102 Vande Bharat train services operational (as of Sept 2024), the Railways continues to redefine passenger experience[11]. The bill was introduced to improve operational efficiency and grant greater autonomy to railway zone.

· Grants greater autonomy to railway zones, allowing them to manage budgets, infrastructure, and recruitment independently
· By merging provisions from the Indian Railway Board Act of 1905 into the Railways Act of 1989, the bill simplifies the legal structure governing Indian Railways
· Has provisions for expedited development of superfast trains and critical infrastructure projects
· The changes are intended to streamline the constitution and composition of the Railway Board, thereby boosting the overall efficiency of railway operations.

The Jammu and Kashmir Local Bodies Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024

The abrogation brought J&K on par with other states and UTs of India. The central government now had the authority to directly implement various schemes and programs. Justice finally arrived with – 890 laws applicable to Jammu & Kashmir, 205 state laws repealed, 129 laws modified. For the first time economically weaker sections & also to Pahadi-speaking people were given reservations. Not only this with highest turnout in recent elections, it seems democracy and freedom are back in the valley. The Jammu and Kashmir Local Bodies Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 gives a further boost to reservations in local bodies.

● The Jammu and Kashmir Local Bodies Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 amends three laws applicable in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir: the J&K Panchayati Raj Act, 1989, the J&K Municipal Act, 2000, and the J&K Municipal Corporation Act, 2000.
● The amendments seek to ensure that local body laws are consistent with Articles 243D and 243T of the Constitution
● The Bill extended reservations to Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in panchayats, municipalities, and municipal corporations. Further, 33% women reservation made applicable.[12]

The Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024

India’s banking system in 2024 has demonstrated remarkable resilience and strength with Gross Non-Performing Asset (GNPA) ratio for Public Sector Banks (PSBs) dropping to 3.12% in September 2024 from 14.58% in March 2018. Also in the financial year 2023-24, PSBs achieved their highest-ever aggregate net profit of ₹1.41 lakh crore. Former RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das awarded an A+ rating for the second consecutive year by Global Finance’s Central Banker Report Cards 2024. The objective of Banking Laws(Amendment) Bill 2024 is to improve customer convenience, and bolster investor protection.

● One of the notable features of the bill is allowing account holders to nominate up to four individuals for their bank accounts or fixed deposits
● The bill proposes transferring unclaimed dividends, shares, and interest to the Investor Education and Protection Fund (IEPF), enabling individuals to claim these amounts later.
● The amendments specifically focus on cooperative banks, which play a vital role in India’s banking landscape.

Synchronizing Electoral Cycles for a Stronger Democracy

The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth) Amendment Billand The Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill were introduced to give effect to the mechanism of simultaneous elections to Lok Sabha and State/UT Assemblies.

● The Bill aims to insert a new article, 82A (Simultaneous elections to the House of the People and all Legislative Assemblies), and amend articles 83, 172, and 327 regarding the duration of Houses of Parliament and State Legislatures.
● Key Features:
o After enactment, a notification by the President will set the “appointed date” as the first sitting of the House of the People following a general election.
o The tenure of the Lok Sabha will be five years from the appointed date. All Legislative Assemblies, formed after this date and before the expiry of the full term of the House of the People, will have their tenure end when the Lok Sabha’s full term expires.
o Future general elections to the Lok Sabha and all State Legislative Assemblies will be held simultaneously.
o If either the Lok Sabha or a Legislative Assembly is dissolved prematurely, the subsequent election will serve the unexpired term.
· Key Benefits:
o Promotes consistency in governance by refocusing efforts on developmental activities[13].
o Prevents policy paralysis by reducing the disruption caused by the Model Code of Conduct.
o Mitigates resource diversion by reducing the need for frequent election-related personnel deployment.
o Preserves regional party relevance by allowing localized focus and highlighting regional issues.
o Enhances political opportunities by creating more room for diverse leaders and inclusivity.
o Focuses on governance by allowing political parties to address electorate needs instead of election campaigning.
o Reduces financial burden by cutting down costs associated with multiple election cycles.
· Brief Background:
o Simultaneous elections for the House of the People (Lok Sabha) and all State Legislative Assemblies were conducted in 1951-52, 1957, 1962, and 1967. However, the cycle was disrupted due to premature dissolutions of some Legislative Assemblies in 1968 and 1969.[14]
o The Law Commission’s 170th report on “Reform of Electoral Laws” suggested that simultaneous elections should be the general practice, with separate elections for State Assemblies being an exception. Elections for the Lok Sabha and all State Assemblies should ideally occur once every five years.
o The Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, and Law and Justice, in its 79th report, examined the feasibility of simultaneous elections. It emphasized the need for alternative, practical methods to reduce the frequency of electoral processes.
o With rising costs, time constraints, and disruptions caused by the imposition of the Model Code of Conduct in poll-bound regions, there is a clear need for holding simultaneous elections. This would reduce the strain on public services, development programs, and manpower deployed for election duties.
o A High-Level Committee, chaired by Ram NathKovind, former President of India, was formed on 2nd September 2023 to examine the issue. The Committee submitted its recommendations on 14th March 2024, which were accepted by the Government.

[1]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2066445
[2]https://pib.gov.in/PressNoteDetails.aspx?NoteId=152143&ModuleId=3&reg=3&lang=1
[3]https://pib.gov.in/PressNoteDetails.aspx?NoteId=152143&ModuleId=3&reg=3&lang=1
[4]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2033474
[5]https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/Bharatiya_Vayuyan_Vidheyak_2024.pdf
https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-bharatiya-vayuyan-vidheyak-2024
https://x.com/MoCA_GoI/status/1864698949019554155
[6]https://www.newsonair.gov.in/carriage-of-goods-by-sea-bill-introduced-in-lok-sabha/
https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/Carriage_of_Goods_by_Sea_Bill_2024_Bill_Text.pdf
[7]https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/Bills_of_Lading_Bill_2024_Bill_Text.pdf
https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-bills-of-lading-bill-2024
[8]https://x.com/dgship_goi/status/1854077906697486581
[9]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2078089
[10]https://x.com/AshwiniVaishnaw/status/1862355214504009812
[11]https://pib.gov.in/PressNoteDetails.aspx?NoteId=152077&ModuleId=3&reg=3&lang=1
[12]https://youtu.be/uED7uYK8YpQ?t=139

Jammu and Kashmir Local Bodies Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024

https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/J&K_Local_Bodies_Laws_(A)_Bill,2024.pdf
https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/acts_parliament/2024/The_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Local_Bodies_Laws_(Amendment)_Act,_2024.pdf
[13]https://pib.gov.in/PressNoteDetails.aspx?NoteId=153577&ModuleId=3&reg=3&lang=1
[14]https://sansad.in/getFile/BillsTexts/LSBillTexts/Asintroduced/const%20amdt1217202425225PM.pdf?source=legislation

India is today world’s fifth-largest economy and we are confidently advancing toward the goal of becoming the third-largest economy. India’s determination to be competitive and play a significant role in the global arena has been evident through its remarkable improvements in various global rankings over the past decade. Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership, the country has made substantial strides in sectors ranging from logistics to innovation, security, and cyber security. These achievements over the last ten years are not just about improved rankings but about reimagining India’s role in the global order.

A leap of 42 ranks in the Ease of Doing Business index between 2015 and 2018 positioned India as an investment-friendly destination with a business climate marked by fewer compliances and greater opportunities. Similarly, India’s jump from 71st in 2014 to 39th in 2018 on the Global Competitiveness Index highlighted advancements in infrastructure, market size, and innovation. In 2022, India’s aviation safety oversight mechanism made a quantum leap to the 48th spot, up from 102nd, surpassing countries like China, Israel, and Denmark. These milestones are a testament to India’s consistent efforts to strengthen its global standing and competitiveness.

In 2024, India’s meteoric rise on the global stage has been nothing short of remarkable, with key rankings and achievements showcasing its growing influence. From securing a spot among the top four nations with the largest foreign exchange reserves to climbing the ranks in the Global Innovation Index, India’s progress under PM Modi’s leadership has been transformative.

Economic Growth & Foreign Reserves

India’s economic growth trajectory under the leadership of PM Modi has been spectacular. India’s trade efficiency has increased with India’s jump in the Logistics Performance Index 2023 improving by a remarkable 16 places, now ranking 38th out of 139 countries.[1] This leap underscores India’s growing strength in trade and infrastructure. Also, India has surpassed many developed nations in terms of ship-turnaround time becoming a becoming a major centre of global trade. There has been an increase in port capacity, investment in port infrastructure, and improved connectivity of ports under the Sagarmala Project. The turnaround time for ships at India’s major ports has come down by as much as 48.65 per cent from 93.59 hours in 2013-14 to 48.06 hours in 2023-24

Adding to this, India has crossed an extraordinary milestone its foreign exchange reserves have surged past USD 700 billion, placing the nation at the 4th position globally, just behind China, Japan, and Switzerland.[2] In another impressive achievement, India’s rise in the Global Competitiveness Index 2024 to 39th position highlights the government’s relentless focus on economic reforms, making India a formidable player in the global market.[3]

Over the last decade (April 2014 to September 2024), total FDI inflows amounted to $709.84 billion, accounting for 68.69% of the overall FDI inflow in the past 24 years.

In 2024, India became the world’s second-largest producer of crude steel, after China. It also secured the second position globally in mobile phone production, solidifying its status as a major manufacturing hub.

Emerging as an Innovation Leader

The Global Innovation Index 2024 is a clear reflection of this progress, as India has surged to the 39th position, up from 81st in 2015, showcasing the country’s transformation into a global hub for innovation.[4] Further enhancing its technological stature, India climbed 11 spots in the Network Readiness Index 2024, now ranking among the Top 50 countries. India was ranked 1st in AI talent and ICT services exports, 1st in AI scientific publications, 2nd in FTTH subscriptions and mobile internet traffic, and 3rd in domestic market scale.This leap underscores the government’s efforts to strengthen digital infrastructure. India secures position in top 10 countries in Patents, Trademarks, and Industrial Designs: WIPO 2024 Report,reaffirming the nation’s growing leadership in intellectual property and its pivotal role in driving technological advancements.[5]Not only this, India ranks 7th globally in “intangible asset intensity,” highlighting the strength of its non-physical assets such as patents and trademarks.

India’s Higher Education Gets Global Recognition

India’s education sector is experiencing remarkable growth, with the nation making significant strides in global academic rankings. The QS World University Rankings: Asia 2025 highlights India’s increasing prominence, with 7 of its institutes now ranked in the Top 100 in Asia.[6] Not only this, India also became the most represented countryin QS Rankings twice in a row with 162 universities listed out of 984 institutions, surpassing Japan (115) and China (135). This achievement reflects the country’s commitment to providing world-class education and fostering research excellence. Institutions like IITs and IIMs are setting high standards, in India and on global scale. With ongoing focus on improving educational infrastructure and fostering innovation, India is poised to become a leading hub for higher education.

India Prioritising Cybersecurity

India’s digital infrastructure has grown rapidly over the years, and its achievement in the Global Cybersecurity Index 2024, securing Tier 1 status, underscores this transformation.[7] India scored 98.49 out of 100 which places India among the top countries in the world for cybersecurity readiness. This milestone reflects the government’s ongoing focus on creating a secure digital environment for businesses and citizens. The Modi government’s emphasis on building strong cybersecurity frameworks can be seen through initiatives like Digital India, which not only expanded internet access but also introduced measures to enhance online security. Past efforts, such as the establishment of the NCIIPC and I4C, have played key roles in strengthening the nation’s cyber defense, positioning India as a leader in the global cybersecurity landscape.

Gender Equality

India’s remarkable progress in gender equality is evident in the 2022 Gender Inequality Index, where the country moved up 14 places, improving from 122nd in 2021 to 108th.[8] This progress reflects Modi government’s strong commitment to women’s empowerment through initiatives like BetiBachaoBetiPadhao, which focuses on education, healthcare, and women’s safety. As of 2023-2024, India continues to make strides, with more women participating in the workforce and political leadership roles.[9] PM Modi’s vision for a more inclusive society is driving these changes, ensuring that women’s contributions are increasingly recognized and supported across all sectors.

A Flourishing Tourism Sector

India’s tourism sector has flourished, ranking 39th in the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) 2024. Initiatives like Incredible India and Dekho Apna Desh have boosted both domestic and international tourism, showcasing India’s rich cultural and natural heritage.[10]In 2024, Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi inaugurates 52 tourism sector projects valued at over Rs. 1400 crore (US$ 168.5 million) under the Swadesh Darshan and PRASHAD Scheme.India has risen to 3rd place in the Asia Power Index 2024, surpassing Japan.[11] This reflects India’s growing regional influence, driven by strategies like the Act East Policy and active leadership in global forums. Under Modi’s leadership, India’s presence and power on the global stage continue to strengthen.

[1]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2003541
[2]https://ddnews.gov.in/en/indias-foreign-exchange-reserves-cross-usd-700-billion-first-time/
[3]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2079986

[4]https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/indicators/india-jumps-42-spots-in-9-years-ranks-39th-in-global-innovation-index-2024/articleshow/113721955.cms?from=mdr
[5]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2072706#:~:text=India%20has%20secured%20a%20spot,new%20milestones%20in%20IP%20activity.
[6]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2072018#:~:text=07%20Indian%20Institutes%20in%20Top%20100&text=This%20edition%20highlights%20India’s%20impressive,IITD)%20leading%20at%2044th%20place.
[7]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2057035

[8]https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2014513#:~:text=On%20the%20Gender%20Inequality%20Index,%2D%C3%A0%2Dvis%20GII%202021.
[9]https://pib.gov.in/FeaturesDeatils.aspx?NoteId=153426&ModuleId+=+2&reg=3&lang=2

[10]https://pib.gov.in/FactsheetDetails.aspx?Id=149085&reg=3&lang=2
[11]https://pib.gov.in/FeaturesDeatils.aspx?NoteId=153319&ModuleId=2&reg=3&lang=2